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Operational technology (OT) systems are generally considered to be more vulnerable to hacking than information technology (IT) systems

Jan 25, 2023

Operational technology (OT) systems, which are used to control and monitor industrial processes, are generally considered to be more vulnerable to hacking than information technology (IT) systems for a few reasons:

  1. Age and complexity of the systems: Many OT systems have been in place for decades, and were not designed with cybersecurity in mind. These systems can be complex and difficult to upgrade, making it challenging to apply security patches or implement new security controls.

  2. Limited security measures: Many OT systems do not have the same level of security measures as IT systems. For example, they may not have firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems, or other types of security software. This can make it easier for attackers to gain access to the systems.

  3. Lack of monitoring and detection: Many OT systems are not monitored as closely as IT systems, which means that it can be more difficult to detect and respond to security incidents.

  4. Limited segmentation: Many OT networks are not segmented, meaning that there is little separation between the control systems and the networks that connect them to other systems. This can make it easier for attackers to move laterally within the network and access sensitive systems.

  5. Limited security expertise: Many organizations that operate OT systems do not have the same level of security expertise as those that operate IT systems. This can make it more difficult to identify and respond to security incidents.

  6. Physical access: OT systems often have a physical component, such as a control room or a field device. This means that an attacker could potentially gain physical access to the systems, making it easier to compromise them.

  7. The criticality of the systems: OT systems are often critical to the functioning of an organization, they are responsible for running critical infrastructures such as power plants, water treatment facilities, and transportation systems, that are essential to daily life. As a result, the impact of a successful cyber attack on these systems could be severe and even result in harm to human life.

Overall, the differences between IT and OT systems make OT systems more vulnerable to hacking, and it’s important for organizations to take steps to protect these systems from cyber threats.